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Medical
Research:
Research is one of the most important fields of medicine. It provides
health care professionals with new knowledge and technology for
better diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.
Medical
research often combines medicine with related fields of biology,
and is called biomedical research. Research can be basic or applied.
Basic, or fundamental, research has no immediate practical application.
Basic cancer research, for instance, may try to identify gene mutations
that turn a healthy cell malignant. While this information does
not have immediate clinical value, it generates knowledge that often
leads to better care for patients. Applied research has a specific
practical goal, such as development of a better drug for breast
cancer. The early stages of biomedical research usually occur in
a laboratory. As scientists gain more knowledge in a particular
area, they begin studies on humans. These studies often take place
in hospitals or clinics and are called clinical research.
Clinical research usually is performed by multidisciplinary teams,
rather than by individual scientists working alone. These groups
of men and women have knowledge and skills in different areas, or
disciplines, of science. A multidisciplinary biomedical research
team may include biochemists, geneticists, physiologists, and physicians.
Each team member approaches the problem from a different side and
shares knowledge with the group. This multidisciplinary approach
increases the chances of solving a problem or developing a new treatment.
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